My Uncle once told me that to help you do the job right, and to do it efficiently, you need to have the right quality tools. He never skimped on the cost of the tools he used and he achieved success in his craft. The result was that he saved several times over the cost of his tools in the time it took him to complete a task. In addition, he had a committed clientele.
By contrast, one clear way to demotivate a worker in any field it to force them to use poor quality tools.
Let say you are too cheap to provide your employees with quality tools. They want to do the job right and they want to do it quickly. So to turn them into frustrated venting sociopaths you must force them to use bad tools.
One good way to do this is to make your own. Some people call this "eating your own dogfood" but you can play with their minds by calling it "drinking your own champagne". What it really is, and you know this, is "eating your own shit". Make sure the staff making those tools are given poor tools, have little resources, and have to sit in broken chairs. Make sure that this group suffers several layoffs.
Make sure those internal tools are buggy, with user interfaces that would thrill the mentally deranged. Make sure the user interface looks like the cockpit of a Saturn V rocket. Ensure that these tools work and do not work at random times. Also, and this is a special thrill, force your employees to use these tools to complete a task in an aggressive time frame and then make it complex to even get access to the tool.
If its a software tool, make it hard to find to download. Make sure they need an "internal use license" that expires quickly. Also make it near impossible to get that license. Hide access to that license with a web page that you move around or just plain does not work. Do not tell people how to use this site. Provide a link for "support" for the license site in case your staff encounter the inevitable problems - but make sure the link is dead or the support site is even more complex than the site they are seeking support on. If they do happen to have the tenacity to get access to support, that support should deny them any help because they are "internal" and not a paying customer. If they happen to actually get a license, change the procedure each time between license lifetimes so nothing they learned the first time cannot be applied on any subsequent attempt.
You may think that this is random stuff made up from a poorly cast Tim Burton film. But this is exactly what happens where I work.